All through the ages, gardeners and farmers have been contending with pests both big and small. What we choose to call a pest falls in two broad categories. The first corrals those insects and microbes that are typically not indigenous and destroy our native vegetation. Think Dutch Elm disease caused by a fungus and spread by elm bark beetles native to Asia. Or the emerald ash borer that feeds on ash species. In their own native habitats, both pests are kept in check by other bugs but here, with no such threat they multiply exponentially and cause rampant devastation.To this I venture to add invasive species of plants that have been introduced from elsewhere as they too decimate native plant populations.
The second category of pests are those that naturally eat certain plants that are important for their own survival. We consider them pests because they can ruin our gardens by chomping on leaves, consuming fruit before we can harvest them – generally competing with humans for the same food. The gardener is more likely to tolerate these pests. Up to a point of course. Squirrels and birds tend to get my apples and Concord grapes – I’m not happy when that happens but I understand. Similarly, one never gets upset when the milkweed looks ratty once the caterpillars of the Monarch butterfly start feasting on it. In fact, we tend to regard the beat up plants as a badge of honor and feel rather chuffed about supporting the wildlife.
So it’s really that first category of pests that we should well and truly be worried about. As is the case with most problems, prevention is far better than the cure. But, here we are grappling with Japanese stilt grass. Kudzu, Japanese beetles, stink bugs, ash borers, spotted lantern flies and myriad lethal microbes carried by insect vectors from other parts of the globe.
While we cannot put the genie back in the bottle, we can definitively do a reset. Firstly, in a bid to be different, jump on a trend and/or be cool, we’ve really got to stop hankering after the exotic and rare plants. At the very least lets not unleash these plants to the public until they have first been studied and trialed thoroughly. Introduced plants must do no harm. No exceptions.
Note: In any case, exotics can be a drain to the environment as well as your wallet. Think carefully before capitulating!.
Lets start encouraging and supporting family owned nurseries and shop exclusively from them. There are of course going to be specialty growers from whom we can mail order. Just make sure that they are for the most part within the United States. I realize that at this time the majority of the bulb growers are from the Netherlands (I myself get my annual order from there) because they provide the largest varieties and are the recognized bulb experts. But, they too are now contending with climate change and in recent years have had to stop cultivating several long time favorites because the severe heat waves have put paid to them. Meanwhile, there is a small number of American growers cultivating bulbs. It would do us well to start supporting them. Admittedly the choices and prices may not be ideal but, with growing demand, better selections and prices will follow.
It gets much trickier when it comes to insect and microbial pests. They hitch hike not only on shipments of plants being imported but also on the wooden palettes upon which other non-plant products are shipped. Ditto with packing material like straw, wood shavings, husk and other organic materials. From port of entry those shipments get distributed all over the country. Free rides for all pests.
A couple of weeks ago, I went with a friend to the local Home Depot. She urgently needed a few plants for an event and the local nurseries were closed. The entire place was heavily infested with spotted lantern flies! Given that this store is situated in the middle of a big parking lot and unloading area and well away from any natural greenery of any kind, these bugs could’ve only arrived with the shipment(s) of plants. They were crawling everywhere and flew onto the people. I was swatting them off my hair and clothes! We fled the place but first we inspected each other thoroughly for any bug before getting into the car.
Anyone buying plants from such a place would do well to deposit their purchases in an isolated area, douse them right away with Neem oil and let them remain in quarantine for a few days. And give a thorough once over before bringing the plants into the garden.
Given that entire agricultural crops can be lost, it behooves us to take this threat very seriously. It might be impossible to stop commerce and trade but surely we can do something with all shipments before they get loaded and then again after unloading on the docks at point of arrival. Obviously a visual/physical inspection is inadequate but depending on whats in the shipment, high heat/very cold/UV/organic pesticide treatments can be administered followed by a period of quarantine.
I know, I know. All action comes at a cost – financial, labor as well as time. I don’t have immediately suitable solutions. It will take more experienced and knowledgeable minds than mine. But I am offering some food for thought for all of us. We have to start somewhere.
Instead of photos of plants, this week I’m sharing a video of a bobcat in my neighbors garden yesterday morning!
(c) 2026 Shobha Vanchiswar
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